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Caribou Pictures
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7
Caribou,
North American deer of the same species as the reindeer of Eurasia. Caribou range in height from 354 to 55 inches at the shoulder and weigh from 130 to 700 lb. Both males and females have antlers, but the female antlers are smaller and simpler. Two principal groups exist: the Arctic caribou and the woodland caribou.
Arctic caribou are native to the tundra regions of northern Canada, Greenland, and Alaska. Historically, the Inuit living in arctic regions have depended on these animals for survival, using every part of the body for food, implements, or clothing. The caribou usually live in small herds of cows and calves and a few bulls. Most of the older bulls stay in separate small bands, except during rut, and travel on the fringes of migrating herds.
Breeding takes place in September and October, and the calves are born in May and June. These caribou have a gray or light brown summer coat and a white winter coat. In winter they gather in large herds and migrate south to warmer Canadian forests, sometimes traveling more than 1900 miles, then return north in springtime. Caribou eat lichens, grasses, shrubs, tree shoots, and mushrooms. Plans for oil/gas pipeline construction in Alaska and Canada were altered so that it would not interfere with caribou migration.
The woodland caribou are darker, stockier and have heavier antlers than Arctic caribou. At one time they were common from Maine to Montana, but they are now extinct in most of the United States.
Scientific classification: The caribou belongs to the family Cervidae. It is classified as Rangifer tarandus
